The results of a series of experiments with laboratory rats, conducted by Italian scientists, show that used in botox and other similar medications Botulinum toxin, moving axons of nerve cells, may well reach the brain rights.
According to the board-reader.com, researchers from the Institute of Neurology in Pisa botulism toxin injected into rodents muscles that control movements implants. Three days after injection specialists found decomposing under the action of a toxin protein fragments in the cells of the rat brain stem. However, as the scientists reported, the concentration of poisonous substances, reached the brain, were negligible, and said that they caused damage nerve cells in any way affected the behavior of rodents, not to be.
Another series of experiments involved introducing Botulinum toxin directly to the brain of animals. Results of an autopsy showed that the toxin traces found not only in the area of injection, but in other divisions of the brain, which is very remote.
American Office Products and medicine for the time being, additional security Botulinum toxin rating, which is linked to the increased number of reports on the incidence of side effects.
Agent botulinum toxin produces botulism bacterium Clostridium botulinum. He is one of the strongest poisons that are found in nature. Medicine is using this chemical for more than 20 years. Today, with a membership of botulinum products are used not only in wrinkles removal, but also in preventing spasms and involuntary reductions of various muscle groups.
Thursday, April 3, 2008
Thursday, December 20, 2007
The less we are alert, the more weight recruiting
Because what we are unable hours a night, tireless front of the TV or travels on the internet, we are less alert. Rarely to hear from someone complained that he was too long Prospal usually talk about nedosype. We sonlivoe society, and the desire to sleep is becoming an emergency, which, according to experts, has concealed the extent of the epidemic.
But sleep is an absolute necessity, and the effects of insufficient sleep affect the prolonged state of health in a variety of ways, manifested in the form of the disease until the cancer serdechnososudistyh diseases, diabetes and hypertension. And excess weight, according to the results of recent research (kdot).
Unfortunately, doctors, as the population despite the huge amount of knowledge on the effects of sleep on the body's systems, very few are aware of how important it is to comply with the ratio son-bodrstvovanie.
The most recent reports come from the United States, that the data collected from 39 thousand participants in the study between the ages of 32-49 years.
What scientists found? "Those who initially study slept less than seven hours of the night, after 20 years (the study began, in 1982) is much more likely suffered odd weight, or worse, obese," explains Giovanni Chitstsa, endocrinologist from the National Institute of Health in Bethesda , a sponsor of the article published in the journal Sleep, which explains of the study. "This is a confirmation of what has been said. since 1992, until today, a series of studies shows the close relationship between the short and sleeping next health problems," said Emmanuel Mignot, director of the Center Stanford University sleep problems, in an interview with Washington Post.
In this several obesity is a problem worldwide, and have identified many factors that contribute to its emergence: excess calorie intake, diet too rich in fats and refined products. "Unfortunately, the evolution of our genome lagging compared with the multiple changes in our lifestyles," Mino commented in an editorial in the journal Sleep.
It turned out that the duration of sleep compared with the century XIX declined by 20% to one and a half hours per night. "For several decades, technological innovation broke our natural rhythm of the body, violating magically biological clock, adjusted for 24 hours. a kind of orchestra conductor, coordinating complex symphony chemical, hormonal and nervous activity of our cells," explains William S.
It is estimated founder sleep study center Dementa Stanford University, each of us, on average, eight needed sleep. This need varies from person to person. "Every their individual needs. Brain is trying to achieve this goal: the more we needed away from the norm, the more the brain will try to send to sleep us," he explains. The balance must be restored.
About that cause excessive weight can be a bad, referred to in those days at the annual meeting of American Association for Obesity in Vancouver, Canada. Son of an evolutionary point of view is necessary for the survival of species, as well as food or sex. That dream is useful for health, a positive impact on the immune system and is the elixir of longevity, can be seen from numerous studies.
Who sleeps little, it hurts their health and shortens life. "We now know that when nedosypanii increased release of stress hormone cortisol. U of who sleeps little, to the same disturbed the balance between the two hormones: leptinom, produced adipose tissue, and grelinom, stimulating appetite," says Mino. Leptina making the brain signal Weary of hunger, those who sleeps little, supported by 20% less than the need, so the signal was weaker, and grelina-to 20% more, so rising sense of hunger. Ultimately, the convergence of these two signals results in excessive consumption of food.
"From an evolutionary point of view, this mechanism makes sense. chelovek-ohotnik danger in the situation must to stay awake, it requires reserves of energy, the body's response has been such a stimulus to the production of food, but today? modern equivalent of the state of anxiety pushes to commit only a few steps that lead us from the bed to the refrigerator to open it and meet the sense of hunger, "commented Chitstsa.
The findings on the relationship between obesity and nedosypaniem should be confirmed by additional research. "The National Institute of Health, we started a new experiment: involved patients with obesity who sleep less than six hours per night, and forced to sleep for 90 minutes more, and so over the years. at the end, we check whether they lose weight through ONS and whether it would be restored the balance between the two hormones, and leptinom grelinom "says conclude Chitstsa.
But sleep is an absolute necessity, and the effects of insufficient sleep affect the prolonged state of health in a variety of ways, manifested in the form of the disease until the cancer serdechnososudistyh diseases, diabetes and hypertension. And excess weight, according to the results of recent research (kdot).
Unfortunately, doctors, as the population despite the huge amount of knowledge on the effects of sleep on the body's systems, very few are aware of how important it is to comply with the ratio son-bodrstvovanie.
The most recent reports come from the United States, that the data collected from 39 thousand participants in the study between the ages of 32-49 years.
What scientists found? "Those who initially study slept less than seven hours of the night, after 20 years (the study began, in 1982) is much more likely suffered odd weight, or worse, obese," explains Giovanni Chitstsa, endocrinologist from the National Institute of Health in Bethesda , a sponsor of the article published in the journal Sleep, which explains of the study. "This is a confirmation of what has been said. since 1992, until today, a series of studies shows the close relationship between the short and sleeping next health problems," said Emmanuel Mignot, director of the Center Stanford University sleep problems, in an interview with Washington Post.
In this several obesity is a problem worldwide, and have identified many factors that contribute to its emergence: excess calorie intake, diet too rich in fats and refined products. "Unfortunately, the evolution of our genome lagging compared with the multiple changes in our lifestyles," Mino commented in an editorial in the journal Sleep.
It turned out that the duration of sleep compared with the century XIX declined by 20% to one and a half hours per night. "For several decades, technological innovation broke our natural rhythm of the body, violating magically biological clock, adjusted for 24 hours. a kind of orchestra conductor, coordinating complex symphony chemical, hormonal and nervous activity of our cells," explains William S.
It is estimated founder sleep study center Dementa Stanford University, each of us, on average, eight needed sleep. This need varies from person to person. "Every their individual needs. Brain is trying to achieve this goal: the more we needed away from the norm, the more the brain will try to send to sleep us," he explains. The balance must be restored.
About that cause excessive weight can be a bad, referred to in those days at the annual meeting of American Association for Obesity in Vancouver, Canada. Son of an evolutionary point of view is necessary for the survival of species, as well as food or sex. That dream is useful for health, a positive impact on the immune system and is the elixir of longevity, can be seen from numerous studies.
Who sleeps little, it hurts their health and shortens life. "We now know that when nedosypanii increased release of stress hormone cortisol. U of who sleeps little, to the same disturbed the balance between the two hormones: leptinom, produced adipose tissue, and grelinom, stimulating appetite," says Mino. Leptina making the brain signal Weary of hunger, those who sleeps little, supported by 20% less than the need, so the signal was weaker, and grelina-to 20% more, so rising sense of hunger. Ultimately, the convergence of these two signals results in excessive consumption of food.
"From an evolutionary point of view, this mechanism makes sense. chelovek-ohotnik danger in the situation must to stay awake, it requires reserves of energy, the body's response has been such a stimulus to the production of food, but today? modern equivalent of the state of anxiety pushes to commit only a few steps that lead us from the bed to the refrigerator to open it and meet the sense of hunger, "commented Chitstsa.
The findings on the relationship between obesity and nedosypaniem should be confirmed by additional research. "The National Institute of Health, we started a new experiment: involved patients with obesity who sleep less than six hours per night, and forced to sleep for 90 minutes more, and so over the years. at the end, we check whether they lose weight through ONS and whether it would be restored the balance between the two hormones, and leptinom grelinom "says conclude Chitstsa.
Thursday, December 6, 2007
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